Sudan (Republic of the Sudan)

Sudan Republic of the Sudan
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	184th best
Capital	Khartoum
Land Area	2 376 000km21
Location	Africa
Population	41.8m2
Life Expectancy	65.27yrs (2017)3
GNI	$3 575 (2017)4
ISO3166-1 Codes	SD, SDN, 7365
Internet Domain	.sd6
Currency	Dinar (SDD)7
Telephone	+2498

1. Overview
2. Sudan National and Social Development
3. Sudan's Demographics and Migration
4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance
5. Sudan's Health
6. Sudan's Responsibility Towards The Environment
7. Sudan's Modernity and Learning
8. National Culture
9. Peace Versus Instability
10. Economic Inequality and Poverty
11. Religion and Beliefs
12. Links

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1. Overview

#chad #ethiopia #south_sudan #UK

“Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars during most of the remainder of the 20th century. These conflicts were rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. The first civil war ended in 1972 but broke out again in 1983. The second war and famine-related effects resulted in more than four million people displaced and, according to rebel estimates, more than two million deaths over a period of two decades. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04 with the signing of several accords. The final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. The referendum was held in January 2011 and indicated overwhelming support for independence. South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011. Since southern independence Sudan has been combating rebels from the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) in Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states. A separate conflict, which broke out in the western region of Darfur in 2003, has displaced nearly two million people and caused an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 deaths. The UN took command of the Darfur peacekeeping operation from the African Union in December 2007. Peacekeeping troops have struggled to stabilize the situation, which has become increasingly regional in scope and has brought instability to eastern Chad. Sudan also has faced large refugee influxes from neighboring countries primarily Ethiopia and Chad. Armed conflict, poor transport infrastructure, and lack of government support have chronically obstructed the provision of humanitarian assistance to affected populations.”

CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

“There is no country on earth that travellers are as apprehensive to visit as they are pained to leave. The Sudanese are as diverse as they are mysterious, as generous as they are welcoming. Wake at the break of day under the golden pyramids of godlike kings of old; traverse a searing desert to the place where two Nile rivers become one and watch a million blood red fish swarm through gardens of coral. Whichever way you look at it, there´s just no denying that among Sudan´s sweeping hills of sand lie treasures the rest of the world are only just beginning to understand.

Until July 2011 Sudan was the biggest country in Africa, but now, with South Sudan having broken away to form a new nation, maps of Africa are being redrawn. This redefining of national boundaries is making for huge changes, geographically, politically, financially and culturally, for the Sudanese. But for a traveller some things never change; Sudanese hospitality remains second to none, and for most people, travelling through Sudan is such an eye-opening and rewarding experience that many come away saying that Sudan was their favourite country in Africa.”

"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₀

2. Sudan National and Social Development

#economics #human_development #wealth

UN HDI (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better Value11
1	Switzerland	0.962
2	Norway	0.961
3	Iceland	0.959
	...
169	Malawi	0.512
170	Senegal	0.511
171	Djibouti	0.509
172	Sudan	0.508
173	Madagascar	0.501
174	Gambia	0.500
175	Ethiopia	0.498
176	Eritrea	0.492
	Africa Avg	0.56
	World Avg	0.72
q=191.

Gross National Income Per-Capita (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better PPP $11
1	Liechtenstein	$146 830
2	Singapore	$90 919
3	Qatar	$87 134
	...
156	Zimbabwe	$3 810
157	Micronesia	$3 696
158	Cameroon	$3 621
159	Sudan	$3 575
160	Benin	$3 409
161	Senegal	$3 344
162	Zambia	$3 218
163	Comoros	$3 142
	Africa Avg	$5 339
	World Avg	$20 136
q=193.

Social & Moral Development Index12
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank12
1	Norway	28.6
2	Denmark	30.0
3	Sweden	30.7
	...
181	Burundi	124.1
182	Papua New Guinea	124.9
183	Yemen	125.0
184	Sudan	126.9
185	Angola	127.9
186	Congo, DR	128.2
187	Nauru	129.2
188	Afghanistan	131.3
	Africa Avg	110.5
	World Avg	86.8
q=195.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: Which are the Best Countries in the World? The Social and Moral Development Index.

3. Sudan's Demographics and Migration

#demographics #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #migration #population

Population:

Sudan's population is predicted to rise to 50.75 million by 2030.

Population2
Pos.		2018 Population2
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.4b
3	USA	327.1m
	...
32	Ukraine	44.2m
33	Uganda	42.7m
34	Algeria	42.2m
35	Sudan	41.8m
36	Iraq	38.4m
37	Poland	37.9m
38	Afghanistan	37.2m
39	Canada	37.1m
	World Avg	39.0m
q=195.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
147	Myanmar (Burma)	65.7
148	Papua New Guinea	65.4
149	Marshall Islands	65.3
150	Sudan	65.3
151	Ethiopia	65.0
152	Tuvalu	64.5
153	Madagascar	64.5
154	Mauritania	64.4
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Old-Age Dependency Ratio Lower is better13
Pos.		2016 Per 10013
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3=	Chad	04.7
	...
40	Ethiopia	06.6
41=	Swaziland	06.6
42	Central African Rep.	06.8
43=	Sudan	06.8
43=	Mauritania	06.8
43=	Kuwait	06.8
46	Congo, (Brazzaville)	07.0
47=	Solomon Islands	07.0
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

• The Population of the Earth
• Abortion, Birth Control and Contraception

Migration:

Immigrants14
Pos.		2017 %14
1	UAE	88.4%
2	Kuwait	75.5%
3	Qatar	65.2%
	...
131	Central African Rep.	1.9%
132	Romania	1.9%
133	Japan	1.8%
134	Sudan	1.8%
135	Albania	1.8%
136	Pakistan	1.7%
137	Nepal	1.7%
138	Poland	1.7%
	World Avg	9.4%
q=195.

Emigrants15
Pos.		2010 %15
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
150	Argentina	2.4%
151	Cambodia	2.3%
152	Uganda	2.2%
153	Sudan	2.2%
154	Chad	2.1%
155	Australia	2.1%
156	Serbia	2.0%
157	Venezuela	1.8%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#equality #freedom #gender_equality #human_rights #morals #politics #prejudice #sudan #tolerance

Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance (2020)16
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank16
1	Sweden	9.0
2	Norway	14.5
3	Denmark	14.5
	...
192	Cook Islands	144.5
193	N. Korea	146.5
194	Brunei	147.1
195	Sudan	148.6
196	Vatican City	154.0
197	Tuvalu	158.4
	Africa Avg	108.2
	World Avg	87.9
q=199.

Sudan is amongst the worst places in the world at ensuring human rights and freedom, and it has severe cultural issues when it comes to tolerance and equality. Sudan does worse than average when it comes to its nominal commitment to Human Rights₁₇ and in speed of uptake of HR treaties₁₈. And finally, it falls into the worst 20 when it comes to commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₁₉ (one of the lowest in Africa), opposing gender inequality₂₀, supporting press freedom₂₁ (one of the highest in Africa), freethought₂₂ (amongst the worst in Africa) and in LGBT equality₂₃ (one of the worst in Africa). "Sudan´s human rights record continued to be defined by government repression and violations of basic civil and political rights [and] disregard for obligations on civilian protection under international humanitarian law"₂₄. There is no freedom of religion_24,25, and religious persecution, based on Islam, occurs at the worst possible rate₂₅; converting from Islam attracts the death penalty.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

• Human Rights and Freedom in Sudan

5. Sudan's Health

#alcohol #health #life_expectancy #longevity #obesity #parenting #population #smoking #Sudan #vaccines

Compared to Africa (2020)26
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank26
1	Mauritius	64.5
2	Morocco	73.1
3=	Eritrea	77.0
4	Tunisia	80.1
5	Algeria	87.3
6=	Burundi	87.4
7	Libya	90.5
8	Sudan	91.2
9	Rwanda	91.9
10	Ethiopia	93.3
11	Sao Tome & Principe	93.6
12	Djibouti	95.7
13	Cape Verde	97.3
	Africa Avg	108.2
q=54.

Health (2020)26
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank26
1	Monaco	13.0
2	Hong Kong	18.3
3	Maldives	41.0
	...
87=	Fiji	90.6
87=	Mongolia	90.6
89	Kyrgyzstan	91.0
90	Sudan	91.2
91	St Kitts & Nevis	91.8
92	Rwanda	91.9
93	Bahamas	92.3
94=	Lithuania	92.4
	World Avg	93.5
q=196.

The countries with the best overall approach to public health, in terms of both public policy and individual lifestyle choices, are Monaco, Hong Kong and The Maldives₂₇. These countries are worth emulating. And, although often through no fault of the average citizen, the worst countries are The Marshall Islands, S. Sudan and Palau₂₇.

The data sets used to calculate points for each country are its average life expectancy, its alcohol consumption rate, its fertility rate, its smoking rate, its suicide rate, its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance, the prevalence of overweight adults, its adolescent birth rate and its immunizations take-up. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Asia and The Mediterranean₂₇, whereas the worst are Micronesia, Australasia and Africa₂₇.

For more, see:

• "Countries With the Healthiest Cultures and Health Policies" by Vexen Crabtree (2020).

Health:

Sudan has some poor policies and cultural issues which cause some public health problems. Sudan comes in the best 20 for its alcohol consumption rate₂₈. It does better than average for its smoking rate₂₉ (but bad for Africa). And finally, it does worse than average for its immunizations take-up₃₀, its adolescent birth rate₂₀ (still good for Africa) and in its average life expectancy₁₁ (still good for Africa). The number of overweight adults has increased by 14% during the last 40 years. Life expectancy in Sudan in 1990 was 49.7yrs, lower than the global average of 64.6. It improved by +16.1yrs in the 30 years from then, over double the global average improvement of +7.9yrs.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
147	Myanmar (Burma)	65.7
148	Papua New Guinea	65.4
149	Marshall Islands	65.3
150	Sudan	65.3
151	Ethiopia	65.0
152	Tuvalu	64.5
153	Madagascar	64.5
154	Mauritania	64.4
	Africa Avg	62.79
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Alcohol Consumption Lower is better28
Pos.		2016 Per Capita28
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
14=	Egypt	0.4
15	Djibouti	0.5
16=	Niger	0.5
16=	Sudan	0.5
18	Bhutan	0.6
19=	Morocco	0.6
20	Jordan	0.7
21=	Senegal	0.7
	Africa Avg	4.8
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

Smoking Rates Lower is better29
Pos.		201429
1	Guinea	15
2	Solomon Islands	26
3	Kiribati	28
	...
70	S. Sudan	398
71	Belize	400
72	Swaziland	427
73	Sudan	428
74	Costa Rica	432
75	Botswana	449
76	Syria	459
77	Djibouti	476
	Africa Avg	340
	World Avg	819
q=182.

Overweight Adults Lower is better31
Pos.		2016 %31
1	Vietnam	18.3
2	India	19.7
3	Bangladesh	20.0
	...
38=	Somalia	28.4
38=	Senegal	28.4
38=	Pakistan	28.4
41	Sudan	28.9
42=	Nigeria	28.9
43	Benin	29.5
44	Guinea-Bissau	29.9
45	S. Korea	30.3
	Africa Avg	33.3
	World Avg	49.0
q=191.

Children's Health:

Adolescent Birth Rate Lower is better20
Pos.		2015 Per 100020
1	N. Korea	0.5
2	S. Korea	1.6
3	Switzerland	2.9
	...
139	Nepal	71.9
140	Cape Verde	73.4
141	Afghanistan	74.0
142	Sudan	74.0
143	Panama	74.5
144	Ecuador	75.9
145	Namibia	76.8
146	Senegal	78.6
	Africa Avg	87.5
	World Avg	47.9
q=185.

Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 Higher is better30
Pos.		2015 Avg %30
1=	Hungary	99.0
1=	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
122	Senegal	89.5
123	Peru	89.3
124	Ireland	89.2
125	Sudan	89.2
126	Honduras	88.8
127	Kenya	88.5
128	Costa Rica	88.5
129	Colombia	88.4
	Africa Avg	81.7
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

6. Sudan's Responsibility Towards The Environment

#biodiversity #climate_change #deforestation #food #meat #over-exploitation #the_environment #veganism #vegetarianism

Compared to Africa (2023)32
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank32
1	Seychelles	55.3
2	Kenya	57.4
3=	Zambia	57.6
	...
18	Gambia	82.0
19=	Cameroon	82.0
20	Djibouti	82.3
21=	Sudan	83.5
21=	Tanzania	83.5
23	Benin	85.8
24	Madagascar	86.0
25=	Sierra Leone	87.0
25=	Malawi	87.0
	Africa Avg	90.1
q=53.

Responsibility Towards The Environment (2023)32
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank32
1	Japan	33.2
2	Philippines	45.0
3	Uruguay	48.0
	...
91	Hong Kong	83.3
92=	Malta	83.5
92=	Tanzania	83.5
92=	Sudan	83.5
95	Bolivia	83.8
96	Vietnam	83.8
97	Mongolia	84.8
98	China	85.2
	World Avg	85.7
q=188.

Sudan comes 92nd in the world in terms of its responsibility towards the environment. This rank is derived from 5 data sets. Sudan does better than average for annual meat consumption per person₃₃ and in the rate of rational beliefs on the environment in the population₃₄. Sudan does worse than average in its environmental performance₃₅ (still good for Africa) and in how quickly it ratified the 1993 Convention on Biological Diversity. And finally, it falls into the worst 20 in its forested percent change 1990-2015₃₆.

Forest Area Change 1990-2015 Higher is better36
Pos.		2015 %36
1	Iceland	+205.6
2	Bahrain	+144.4
3	Uruguay	+131.3
	...
173	El Salvador	-29.7
174	Nicaragua	-31.0
175	Zimbabwe	-36.6
176	Sudan	-37.5
177	N. Korea	-38.7
178	Niger	-41.3
179	Pakistan	-41.7
180	Honduras	-43.6
	Africa Avg	-08.0
	World Avg	+02.8
q=184.

Environmental Performance Higher is better35
Pos.		201835
1	Switzerland	87.4
2	France	84.0
3	Denmark	81.6
	...
112	Moldova	52.0
113	Botswana	51.7
114	Honduras	51.5
115	Sudan	51.5
116	Oman	51.3
117	Zambia	51.0
118	Grenada	50.9
119	Tanzania	50.8
	Africa Avg	46.4
	World Avg	56.4
q=180.

Convention on Biological Diversity Earlier is better
Pos.		0 Signed
1=	China	1993 Dec 29
1=	Guinea	1993 Dec 29
1=	Cook Islands	1993 Dec 29
	...
130	Botswana	1996 Jan 10
131	Moldova	1996 Jan 18
132	Guinea-Bissau	1996 Jan 25
133	Sudan	1996 Jan 28
134	S. Africa	1996 Jan 31
135	Nicaragua	1996 Feb 18
136	Latvia	1996 Mar 13
137	Singapore	1996 Mar 20
	Africa Avg	1899 Dec 30
	World Avg	1899 Dec 30
q=197.

Rational Beliefs on the Environment Higher is better34
Pos.		2011 %34
1	Argentina	78.3%
2	Greece	77.6%
3	Brazil	77.1%
	...
44	Honduras	48.1%
45	Iran	47.9%
46	Turkey	47.4%
47	Sudan	46.9%
48	Malaysia	46.6%
49	Mozambique	46.5%
50	Laos	45.3%
51	Slovenia	45.1%
	Africa Avg	38.3%
	World Avg	39.9%
q=145.

Meat Consumption Lower is better33
Pos.		2021 kg33
1	Congo, DR	03.0
2	Burundi	03.5
3	Bangladesh	04.3
	...
37	Indonesia	18.6
38	Pakistan	18.6
39	Senegal	19.3
40	Sudan	19.9
41=	Myanmar (Burma)	20.0
41=	Angola	20.0
43	S. Sudan	20.2
44	Liberia	20.3
	Africa Avg	24.9
	World Avg	52.5
q=185.

7. Sudan's Modernity and Learning

#education #it_security #modernity #research #science #technology #the_internet

Compared to Africa (2020)37
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank37
1	S. Africa	52.8
2	Egypt	70.4
3	Tunisia	73.4
	...
22	Gabon	118.3
23=	Namibia	119.0
23=	Senegal	119.0
25	Sudan	119.8
26	Sao Tome & Principe	120.3
27	Burkina Faso	120.6
28	Ivory Coast	121.3
29	Malawi	121.6
30	Mali	124.1
	Africa Avg	120.7
q=53.

Modernity & Learning (2020)37
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank37
1	Finland	8.4
2	Taiwan	10.0
3	Switzerland	15.1
	...
158	Gabon	118.3
159=	Senegal	119.0
159=	Namibia	119.0
161	Sudan	119.8
162	Sao Tome & Principe	120.3
163	Burkina Faso	120.6
164	Ivory Coast	121.3
165	Malawi	121.6
	World Avg	83.2
q=205.

Modernity and Education:

Research & Development Higher is better
Pos.		2016 % RDP PPP
1	S. Korea	4.2938
2	Israel	4.1138
3	Japan	3.5838
	...
82	Zambia	0.2839
83	Botswana	0.2540
84	Armenia	0.2441
85=	Sudan	0.2342
85=	Uruguay	0.2340
85=	Mongolia	0.2341
85=	Bermuda	0.2341
89	Togo	0.2240
	Africa Avg	0.36
	World Avg	0.84
q=126.

Secondary Education Higher is better43
Pos.		201843
1=	Luxembourg	100.0%
1=	Estonia	100.0%
1=	Austria	100.0%
	...
155	Mozambique	19.3%
156	Mauritania	18.8%
157	Senegal	17.6%
158	Sudan	17.5%
159	Ethiopia	17.1%
160	Rwanda	16.3%
161	Tanzania	14.3%
162	Mali	13.1%
	Africa Avg	34.4%
	World Avg	63.0%
q=169.

Length of Schooling Higher is better44
Pos.		2021 Years44
1	Australia	21.1
2	New Zealand	20.3
3	Greece	20.0
	...
186	Eritrea	8.1
187	Central African Rep.	8.0
188	Chad	8.0
189	Sudan	7.9
190	Djibouti	7.4
191	Mali	7.4
192	Niger	7.0
193	S. Sudan	5.5
	Africa Avg	11.0
	World Avg	13.5
q=193.

Technology and Information:

The Sudanese government persecuted and harasses its critics in every way it can.

“The Sudanese government set up a Facebook group calling for a protest against the Sudanese government, naming a time and place, and simply arrested all those who attended.”

"Media Studies: The Basics" by Julian McDougall (2012)₄₅

Internet Users Higher is better46
Pos.		201646
1	Iceland	100%
2	Faroe Islands	99%
3	Norway	98%
	...
136	Ghana	28%
137	Swaziland	28%
138	Guatemala	27%
139	Sudan	26%
140	Sao Tome & Principe	26%
141	Yemen	25%
142	Senegal	23%
143	Angola	23%
	Africa Avg	18.4%
	World Avg	48.1%
q=201.

IT Security Lower is better47
Pos.		201347
1=	Ireland	0.11
1=	Luxembourg	0.11
1=	Belize	0.11
	...
74	Sri Lanka	1.67
75	Oman	1.72
76	Iraq	1.84
77	Bangladesh	1.87
78	Sudan	1.98
79	India	2.10
80	Russia	2.42
81	USA	3.68
	Africa Avg	1.07
	World Avg	0.98

IPv6 Uptake Higher is better48
Pos.		2017 Ratio48
1	Belgium	55.4
2	Germany	41.8
3	Switzerland	35.1
	...
67	Indonesia	0.2
68	S. Africa	0.1
69	Jersey	0.1
70=	Sudan	0.1
70=	Ukraine	0.1
72	Lithuania	0.1
73	Vanuatu	0.1
74=	Iran	0.1
	Africa Avg	0.04
	World Avg	3.82
q=176.

8. National Culture

#corruption #happiness #politics

Corruption Higher is better49
Pos.		2022 Points49
1	Denmark	90.0
2=	Finland	87.0
2=	New Zealand	87.0
	...
159	Azerbaijan	23.0
160=	Honduras	23.0
160=	Iraq	23.0
162	Sudan	22.0
163=	Eritrea	22.0
164	Congo, (Brazzaville)	21.0
165=	Guinea-Bissau	21.0
166	Congo, DR	20.0
	Africa Avg	32.31
	World Avg	42.98
q=180.

In 2009, Sudan became the 5th-worst country in terms of perception of corruption, and on average through the 2010s, it maintained that same rank on average; it's worst year was 2014 where it was 3rd-worst.

Happiness Higher is better50
Pos.		2018 Score50
1	Finland	7.6
2	Norway	7.6
3	Denmark	7.6
	...
134	Niger	4.2
135	Uganda	4.2
136	Benin	4.1
137	Sudan	4.1
138	Ukraine	4.1
139	Togo	4.0
140	Guinea	4.0
141	Lesotho	3.8
	Africa Avg	4.29
	World Avg	5.38
q=156.

9. Peace Versus Instability

#extremism #human_development #peace #politics #religious_violence #terrorism

Global Peace Index Lower is better51
Pos.		2023 Score51
1	Iceland	1.12
2	Denmark	1.31
3	Ireland	1.31
	...
152	Central African Rep.	2.93
153	Mali	2.96
154	Iraq	3.01
155	Sudan	3.02
156	Somalia	3.04
157	Ukraine	3.04
158	Russia	3.14
159	Congo, DR	3.21
	Africa Avg	2.29
	World Avg	2.07
q=163.

Impact of Terrorism Lower is better52
Pos.		2019 Score52
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
128	Niger	5.60
129	USA	5.69
130	Kenya	5.76
131	Sudan	5.81
132	Colombia	5.91
133	Thailand	6.03
134	S. Sudan	6.32
135	Turkey	6.53
	Africa Avg	3.41
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

10. Economic Inequality and Poverty

#capitalism #economics #health #inequality #life_expectancy #poverty #social_development

Inequality in Life Expectancy Lower is better53
Pos.		201953
1	Iceland	2.40
2=	Singapore	2.50
2=	Hong Kong	2.50
	...
153	Tanzania	25.30
154	Zambia	26.50
155	Uganda	27.20
156	Sudan	27.40
157	Afghanistan	28.30
158=	Gambia	28.50
158=	Burundi	28.50
160	Comoros	28.90
	Africa Avg	26.10
	World Avg	14.59
q=184.

Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) Lower is better54
Pos.		2017 %54
1	Ukraine	25.0
2=	Belarus	25.4
2=	Slovenia	25.4
	...
57	Vietnam	35.3
58=	Burkina Faso	35.3
58=	Liberia	35.3
60	Sudan	35.4
61=	Italy	35.4
62	Portugal	35.5
63	Macedonia	35.6
64	India	35.7
	Africa Avg	42.6
	World Avg	38.1
q=152.

Multidimensional Poverty Lower is better55
Pos.		2018 Severity55
1	Armenia	.001
2	Ukraine	.001
3	Serbia	.001
	...
78	Uganda	.269
79	Afghanistan	.272
80	Tanzania	.273
81	Sudan	.279
82	Angola	.282
83	Gambia	.286
84	Senegal	.288
85	Nigeria	.291
	Africa Avg	.264
	World Avg	.154
q=101.

11. Religion and Beliefs

#buddhism #christianity #hinduism #islam #judaism #sudan

Data from the Pew Forum, a professional polling outfit, states that in 2010 the religious makeup of this country was as follows in the table below₅₆:

Christian	5.4%
Muslim	90.7%
Hindu	0.1%
Buddhist	0.1%
Folk Religion	2.8%
Jewish	0.1%
Unaffiliated	1%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states simply: Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority₅₇.

Freedom of Religion and Belief: There is no freedom of religion_24,25, and religious persecution, based on Islam, occurs at the worst possible rate₂₅; converting from Islam attracts the death penalty₅₈ and blasphemy and "defamation of Islam" are serious crimes₅₈. Marriage and other laws strongly favour Muslims at the expense of others₅₈. No new Christian churches are permitted and officials and security forces are demolishing existing ones₂₄.

Links:

• A List of All Religions and Belief Systems
• Human Rights and Freedom in Sudan: 4.2. Freedom of Thought